 |
Soybean Rust Fungicides - Updated April 4, 2009
SOYBEAN RUST FUNGICIDE DECISION GUIDELINES (revised 6/2007)
| Crop Stage |
SOYBEAN RUST STATUS
(Risk determined by national, regional and local activity and disease forecasts) |
| RUST ABSENT |
RUST PRESENT |
| SOYBEAN RUST RISKa |
Barely detectable in lower canopyb |
Easy to detect in mid to upper canopy |
| LOW |
MODERATE |
HIGH |
1st Application
Premix,
Tank-mix,
Co-pack
or
Triazole |
2nd Application
(if needed)
Triazole
or
Premixc,
Tank-mix,
Co-pack |
Yield
benefit
from
fungicide
application
is
uncertain.d
Check with
local
extension
specialists
for specific
guidelines. |
| Vegetative (stages before flowering) |
FUNGICIDE APPLICATION NOT
RECOMMENDED FOR SOYBEAN RUST
CONTROL |
R1 (beginning of
flowering)
through
R5 (beginning
seed) |
Do
Not
Spray |
Strobilurin
Triazole
Premix, Tankmix,
Co-pack |
Premix, Tankmix,
Co-pack
Triazole |
R6 (full seed) to
R8 (full maturity) |
Generally, fungicide application not recommended.
Yield responses beyond R6 are uncertain and many fungicide labels specify that applications be made prior
to R6. Check with local extension specialists for specific state/province recommendations. |
a Determine risk by staying current with information from Extension specialists, trusted industry, and/or crop consultants for the region and state. View the Soybean Rust PIPE website (www.sbrusa.net) frequently for updates.
bSoybean rust incidence less than 10%.
c Premix, tank-mix, or co-pack fungicide should contain the full rate of the triazole fungicide component.
d Application of a fungicide at this level of disease may protect newly emerging leaves, but may not result in a yield benefit. Check with local extension specialists for specific state/province recommendations.
SOYBEAN RUST FUNGICIDE DECISION GUIDELINES (revised 6/2007)
These guidelines were developed by the NCERA 208 Soybean Rust
Committee with the help of Land Grant University soybean pathologists.
These general guidelines were developed for the United States and
Canada, and any state or province-specific guidelines that have been
developed should be followed first.
For many of the soybean production regions in North America, the decision
to make fungicide applications for management of soybean rust is based
on risk. Several factors are involved in the risk of soybean rust moving into
an area: incidence and severity of rust in areas to the south, wind patterns
that can move the spores of the soybean rust fungus over long distances,
regional and local weather, and growth stage of the soybean crop. To
determine the risk level of a specific state or province, check with local
extension specialists and the “state commentary” on the PIPE website
(www.sbrusa.net). An example of a low risk situation is the 2006 soybean
rust situation, in which dry conditions in the Gulf Coast states prevented
build-up of soybean rust spores early enough to impact the crop in the
northern U.S. and Canada. An example of a moderate risk situation is a
scenario in which soybean rust has been found on soybean in a
neighboring state or region, but has not yet been detected in your area.
Another example of a moderate risk situation is if soybean rust has built
up to significant levels in one or more southern states and the long range
forecast is for storm fronts to pass through those areas in the next two
weeks, and weather is predicted to be suitable for soybean rust in your
area. An example of a high risk situation is when soybean rust has been
identified in a sentinel plot, commercial soybean field, or kudzu patch in
your state or province, and weather conditions are predicted to favor rust
development.
Fungicides available for management of soybean rust have different
properties that allow them to protect against and control soybean rust.
Although all fungicides work best if applied prior to disease onset, some
fungicides may also have some “post-infection” properties (a.k.a. “curative”
or “kick-back” properties). The most effective fungicide classes currently
available for soybean rust management are the strobilurin (QoI – quinone
outside inhibiting, a.k.a Group 11) and the triazole (DMI – demethylation
inhibiting, a.k.a Group 3) fungicides. In general, the triazole fungicides
have better movement within the soybean plant and have better “post tend to have longer residual activity than triazole fungicides, and may
provide better control of other foliar and stem diseases of soybean. Some
pre-mix and co-pack products are available that contain both a strobilurin
and a triazole fungicide, and strobilurin and triazole fungicides can be tankmixed
as well.
VEGETATIVE GROWTH STAGES
Current data indicate that fungicide applications are not needed in the early
vegetative growth stages for soybean rust control. Applying a fungicide just
prior to soybean flowering (R1) may be prudent if disease risk is high. This
is especially true for late-planted crops and/or very late-maturing varieties
that may develop a large canopy before flowering.
R1 (BEGINNING OF FLOWERING) THROUGH R5 (BEGINNING SEED)
REPRODUCTIVE STAGES
Soybean rust develops most rapidly during soybean reproductive growth
stages. The first fungicide application should be made before rust has
appeared on more than 10% of the leaflets in the canopy. At an incidence
this low, each rusted leaflet may have only one or very few pustules, and
the disease will be difficult to detect without careful scouting. An
application of a fungicide when the level of disease is greater than 10%
incidence may protect newly emerging leaves, but may not result in a yield
benefit. Prior to applying fungicide to a given field, the field should be
checked for the presence and level of rust in the field as well as other foliar
and stem diseases. If other foliar and/or stem diseases are present, then
some adjustment of fungicide mix may be needed. Check with local
extension specialists for specific state/province recommendations at this
level of disease and for presence of other foliar diseases in the area. In
some areas, multiple applications may be needed, depending upon at what
growth stage the disease is first detected and subsequent environmental
conditions. Consecutive applications of stand-alone strobilurin or triazole
fungicides should not be made, due to the concern of fungicide resistance
developing in the soybean rust pathogen. Refer to fungicide labels for
specific directions and restrictions.
R6 (FULL SEED) AND LATER
The benefits of applying a fungicide at late growth stages are uncertain. In
addition, many fungicides have preharvest interval restrictions that do not allow applications past R6. Refer to fungicide labels for specific directions and restrictions, and check with local extension specialists for specific
state/province recommendations.
Soybeans: Fungicides approved (Section 18) or registered (Section 3) for soybean rust (SBR) management
Changes in this Update, issued 3/30/09, are Underlined
Items in Blue are currently not available for SBR
Active ingredient |
Product trade name (company) |
State or Section 18 |
Federal or Section 3 status |
start date |
expiration |
azoxystrobin |
Quadris (Syngenta) |
none |
none |
Registered |
azoxystrobin + cyproconazole |
Quadris Xtra
(Syngenta) |
started 3/31/06 for MN and SD – covers use in 2006, 2007, and 2008 growing seasons |
expires 3/31/09 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NY, OK, OH, SC, SD, TN, TX and VA;
temporary tolerance for cyproconazole expires 12/31/09 |
Registered |
azoxystrobin + propiconazole |
Quilt (Syngenta) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI |
Registered |
boscalid + pyraclostrobin |
Pristine (BASF) |
none |
none |
Registration approved in 2004 but not marketed for SBR due to poor solo efficacy by boscalid against SBR |
chlorothalonil |
Bravo (Syngenta), Echo (Sipcam Agro), Equus (Makhteshim-Agan) |
none |
none |
Registered |
cyproconazole |
Alto (Syngenta) |
started 3/31/06 for MN and SD – covers use in 2006, 2007, and 2008 growing seasons |
expires 3/31/09 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NY, OK, OH, SC, SD, TN, TX and VA;
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/09 |
Registered |
famoxadone + flusilazole |
Charisma (DuPont) |
Pending: AL, AR, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NE, NC, ND, OK, SD, TN, TX and VA (withdrawn) |
none |
Withdrawn |
flusilazole |
Punch (DuPont) |
started 2/7/07 for MN and SD – covers use in 2007, 2008, and 2009 growing season |
expires 2/7/10 for MN and SD
expires 6/15/10 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, OH, OK, SC, TN, TX, and VA
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/10 |
Withdrawn from consideration for full Section 3 registration. Section 18 registrations will remain in place until the indicated expiration dates in the column at left. |
flutriafol |
Topguard (Cheminova) |
started 12/1/06 for MN and SD – covers use in 2007, 2008, and 2009 growing seasons |
expires 12/1/09 for MN and SD
expires 2/12/10 for
AR, IA, IN, KS, KY, MI, MO, NE, OK, and TN
expires 5/11/10 for
AL, GA, IL , MD, MS, OH, and ND
expires 6/7/10 for
DE, LA, NC, and TX
expires 6/28/10 for
SC and VA
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/10 |
Registration decision expected in late 2009 |
metconazole |
Caramba (BASF) |
started 4/19/06 for MN and SD – covers use in 2006, 2007, and 2008 growing seasons |
expires 4/19/09 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NY, OK, OH, SC, SD, TN, TX, and VA;
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/10 |
Registered but not currently being marketed |
metconazole + pyraclostrobin |
Headline Caramba co-pack (BASF) |
Withdrawn by registrant |
Operetta premix (BASF) |
Withdrawn by registrant |
Multiva (BASF) |
none |
none |
Registered but not currently being marketed |
myclobutanil |
Laredo EC (Dow Agro)
Laredo EW (Dow Agro) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI |
Registered |
propiconazole |
Tilt (Syngenta),
Bumper (Makhteshim-Agan)
PropiMax (Dow Agro) – No longer available for SBR |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI |
Registered |
propiconazole + trifloxystrobin |
Stratego (Bayer) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI |
Registered |
prothioconazole |
ProLine (Bayer) |
Pending: AR, IA, IL, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NC, SC, SD, TX, and VA (replaced by section 3 registration) |
none |
Registered |
pyraclostrobin |
Headline (BASF) |
none |
none |
Registered |
pyraclostrobin + tebuconazole |
Headline SBR (BASF) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI;
temporary tolerance for tebuconazole expires 12/31/09 |
Discontinued |
tebuconazole |
Folicur (Bayer) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI;
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/09 |
Registered |
Orius (Makhteshim-Agan) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, and WV;
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/09 |
Registered |
Uppercut (DuPont) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, OH, SC, TN, and VA;
temporary tolerance expires 12/31/09 |
Discontinued for SBR |
tetraconazole |
Domark (Valent) |
started 11/10/04 for MN and SD – covers use in 2005, 2006 and 2007 growing seasons |
Expired 11/10/07 for AL, AR, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WV, and WI |
Registered |
Current submissions and approvals of Section 18s are listed on the EPA website at: http://cfpub1.epa.gov/oppref/section18/search.cfm
SBR fungicides are also listed on the EPA site at: http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/csb_page/updates/soybean_rust.htm
For general questions about Section 18s contact Tony Britten, 703-308-8179, britten.anthony@epa.gov. For specific questions about flusilazole and famoxadone contact Andrea Conrath at 703-308-9356 or conrath.andrea@epa.gov; for flutriafol contact Princess
Campbell at 703-308-8033 or campbell.princess@epa.gov; for cyproconazole and metconazole contact Stacey Groce at 703-305-2505
or groce.stacey@epa.gov; and for propiconazole, tebuconazole, myclobutanil, trifloxystrobin and tetraconazole contact Andy
Ertman at 703-308-9367 or ertman.andrew@epa.gov.
Please direct questions and recommendations about the general content and design of this table to Marty Draper at 202-301-1990 or mdraper@csrees.usda.gov, or Kent Smith at, 202-720-3186 or kent.smith@ars.usda.gov.
Fungicide Efficacy
Data
top
|
 |