Selected Publications

Faulkner JR, Hussaini SR, Blankenship JD, Pal S, Brannan BM, Grossman RB, Schardl CL (2006) On the sequence of bond formation in loline alkaloid biosynthesis. Chembiochem 7: 1078-1088. (NSF Support)

Panaccione DG, Cipoletti JR, Sedlock AB, Blemings KP, Schardl CL, Machado C, Seidel GE (2006) Effects of ergot alkaloids on food preference and satiety in rabbits, as assessed with gene-knockout endophytes in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). J Agric Food Chem: in press. (USDA Support)

Panaccione DG, Kotcon JB, Schardl CL, Johnson RD, Morton JB (2006) Ergot alkaloids are not essential for endophytic fungus-associated population suppression of the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus scribneri, on perennial ryegrass. Nematology: in press. (USDA Support)

Blankenship JD, Houseknecht JB, Pal S, Bush LP, Grossman RB, Schardl CL (2005) Biosynthetic precursors of fungal pyrrolizidines, the loline alkaloids. Chembiochem 6: 1016-1022. (see abstract) (NSF Support)

Du M., Schardl CL, Nuckles EM, Vaillancourt LJ (2005) Using mating-type gene sequences for improved phylogenetic resolution of Collectotrichum species complexes. Mycologia 97: 641-658.

Funnell DL, Lawrence CB, Pedersen JF, Schardl CL (2005) Expression of the tobacco b-1,3-glucanase gene PR-2d, following induction of SAR with Peronospora tabacina. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology: 65: 285-296.

Gentile A, Rossi MS, Cabral D, Craven KD, Schardl CL (2005) Origin, divergence, and phylogeny of epichloë endophytes of native Argentine grasses. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35:196-208. (see abstract) (NSF Support)

Haarmann T, Machado C, Lübbe Y, Correia T, Schardl CL, Panaccione DG, Tudzynski P (2005) The ergot alkaloid gene cluster in Claviceps purpurea: extension of the cluster sequence and intra species evolution. Phytochemistry 66: 1312-1320. (see abstract) ( USDA Support)

Damrongkool P, Sedlock AB, Young CA, Johnson RD, Goetz KE, Scott B, Schardl CL, Panaccione DG (2005). Structural analysis of a peptide synthetase gene required for ergopeptine production in the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium lolii. DNA Sequence 16: 379-385. (USDA Support)

Spiering MJ, Moon CD, Wilkinson HH, Schardl CL ( 2005 ) Gene clusters for insecticidal loline alkaloids in the grass-endophytic fungus Neotyphodium uncinatum. Genetics 169: 1403-1414 . (see abstract) (NSF Support) 

Zhuang J, Marchant MA, Schardl CL, Butler CM (2005) Economic analysis of replacing endophyte-infected with endophyte-free tall fescue pastures. Agronomy Journal 97: 711-716.

Heist EP, Zaitlin D, Funnell DL, Nesmith WC, Schardl CL* (2004) Necrotic-lesion resistance induced by Peronospora tabacina on leaves of Nicotiana obtusifolia. Phytopathology 94: 1178-1188.

Moon CD, Craven KD, Leuchtmann A, Clement SL, Schardl CL (2004). Prevalence of interspecific hybrids amongst asexual fungal endophytes of grasses. Molecular Ecology 13: 1455-1467. (see abstract) ( NSF Support)

Schardl CL, Leuchtmann A, Spiering MJ (2004) Symbioses of grasses with seedborne fungal endophytes. Annual Review of Plant Biology 55: 315–340. (see abstract)

Wang J, Machado C, Panaccione DG, Tsai H-F, Schardl CL (2004) The determinant step in ergot alkaloid biosynthesis by an endophyte of perennial ryegrass. Fungal Genetics and Biology 41: 189-198 (see abstract)(USDA Support)

Clay K, Schardl CL (2002) Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses. American Naturalist 160: S99-S127

Craven KD, Schardl CL (2003). Tall fescue - systematics and morphology. in: Fribourg HA (ed) Tall fescue information system: Tall fescue book on-line. Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. (see paper)

Schardl CL, and Craven KD. 2003. Interspecific hybridization in plant-associated fungi and oomycetes: a review. Molecular Ecology 12: 2861–2873. (see abstract) (see paper)

Heist EP, Nesmith WC, Schardl CL (2002) Interactions of Peronospora tabacina with roots of Nicotiana species in gnotobiotic associations. Phytopathology: 92: 400-405

Moon CD, Miles CO, Jarlfors U, Schardl CL (2002) The evolutionary origins of three new Neotyphodium endophyte species from grasses indigenous to the Southern Hemisphere. Mycologia 94: 694-711. (NSF Support)

Spiering MJ, Wilkinson HH, Blankenship JD, Schardl CL (2002) Expressed sequence tags and genes associated with loline alkaloid expression by the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium uncinatum. Fungal Genetics and Biology 36: 242–254. (see abstract)(NSF Support)

Blankenship JD, Spiering MJ, Wilkinson HH, Fannin FF, Bush LP, Schardl CL (2001) Production of loline alkaloids by the grass endophyte, Neotyphodium uncinatum, in defined media. Phytochemistry 58: 395–401. (see abstract)(NSF Support)

Craven KD, Blankenship JD, Leuchtmann A, Hignight K, Schardl CL (2001) Hybrid fungal endophytes symbiotic with the grass Lolium pratense. Sydowia 53: 44-73. (see Abstract) (NSF Support)

Craven KD, Hsiau PTW, Leuchtmann A, Hollin W, Schardl CL (2001) Multigene phylogeny of Epichloë species, fungal symbionts of grasses. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 88: 14-34. (see Abstract) (NSF Support)

Heist EP, Nesmith WC, Schardl CL (2001) Cocultures of Peronospora tabacina and Nicotiana species to study host-pathogen interactions. Phytopathology 91: 1224-1230

Panaccione DG, Johnson RD, Wang JH, Young CA, Damrongkool P, Scott B, Schardl CL (2001) Elimination of ergovaline from a grass-Neotyphodium endophyte symbiosis by genetic modification of the endophyte. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98: 12820-12825. (see abstract) (see paper) (USDA Support)

Schardl CL (2001) Epichloë festucae and related mutualistic symbionts of grasses. Fungal Genetics & Biology 33: 69-82. (see abstract) (see paper)

Moon CD, Scott B, Schardl CL, Christensen MJ (2000) Evolutionary origins of Epichloë endophytes from annual ryegrasses. Mycologia 92:1103-1118.

Wilkinson HH, Siegel MR, Blankenship JD, Mallory AC, Bush LP, Schardl CL (2000): Contribution of fungal loline alkaloids to protection from aphids in a grass-endophyte mutualism. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 13: 1027-1033. (see abstract) (USDA Support)

Kuldau GA, Tsai H-F, Schardl CL (1999) Genome sizes of Epichloë species and anamorphic hybrids. Mycologia 91: 776-782. (see Abstract) (NSF Support)

Schardl CL, Leuchtmann A (1999) Three new species of Epichloë symbiotic with North American grasses. Mycologia 91: 95-107. (NSF Support)

Leuchtmann A, Schardl CL (1998) Mating compatibility and phylogenetic relationships among two new species of Epichloë and other congeneric European species. Mycological Research 102: 1169-1182. (NSF Support)

Bush LP, Wilkinson HH, Schardl CL (1997) Bioprotective alkaloids of grass-fungal endophyte symbioses. Plant Physiology 114: 1-7. (see paper)

Chung K-R, Hollin W, Siegel MR, Schardl CL (1997) Genetics of host specificity in Epichloë typhina. Phytopathology 87: 599-605. (NSF Support)

Chung K-R, Schardl CL (1997) Sexual cycle and horizontal transmission of the grass symbiont, Epichloë typhina. Mycological Research 101: 295-301. (NSF Support)

Chung K-R, Schardl CL (1997) Vegetative compatibility between and within Epichloë species. Mycologia 89: 558-565. (NSF Support)

Kuldau, GA, Liu J-S, White JF, Siegel MR, Schardl CL (1997) Molecular systematics of Clavicipitaceae supporting monophyly of genus Epichloë and form genus Ephelis. Mycologia 89:431-441. (NSF Support)

Schardl CL, Leuchtmann A, Chung K-R, Penny D, Siegel MR (1997) Coevolution by common descent of fungal symbionts (Epichloë spp.) and grass hosts. Molecular Biology and Evolution 14: 133-143. (see Abstract) (NSF Support)

Schardl CL, Phillips TD (1997) Protective grass endophytes: Where are they from and where are they going? Plant Disease 81: 430-438.

Chung K-R, Leuchtmann A, Schardl CL (1996) Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA and plasmids in the ascomycetous fungus, Epichloë typhina. Genetics 142: 259-265. (NSF Support)

Schardl CL (1996) Epichloë species: fungal symbionts of grasses. Annual Review of Phytopathology 34: 109-130

Tsai H-F, Wang H, Gebler JC, Poulter CD, Schardl CL (1995) The Claviceps purpurea gene encoding dimethylallyltryptophan synthase, the committed step for ergot alkaloid biosynthesis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 216: 119-125. (see abstract) (USDA Support)

Li D, Chung K-R, Smith DA, Schardl CL (1995) The Fusarium solani gene encoding kievitone hydratase, a secreted enzyme that catalyzes detoxification of a bean phytoalexin. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 8: 388-397. (USDA Support)

Siegel MR, Schardl CL, Phillips TD (1995) Incidence and compatibility of non-clavicipitaceous fungal endophytes in Festuca and Lolium grass species. Mycologia 87: 196-202. (USDA Support)

Finkel RA, Bent S, Schardl CL (1994) Determining the probability of obtaining a desired clone in an amplified or shuttle library. Biotechniques 16: 580-583.

Leuchtmann A, Schardl CL, Siegel MR (1994) Sexual compatibility and taxonomy of a new species of Epichloë symbiotic with fine fescue grasses. Mycologia 86: 802-812. (USDA Support)

Schardl CL, Leuchtmann A, Tsai H-F, Collett M, Watt DM, Scott DB (1994) Origin of a fungal symbiont of perennial ryegrass by interspecific hybridization of a mutualist with the ryegrass choke pathogen, Epichloë typhina. Genetics 136: 1307-1317. (see abstract) (pdf 5 MB)

Tsai H-F, Liu J-S, Staben C, Christensen MJ, Latch GCM, Siegel MR, Schardl CL (1994) Evolutionary diversification of fungal endophytes of tall fescue grass by hybridization with Epichloë species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 91: 2542-2546. (see abstract) pdf (1.1 MB)

Tsai H-F, Siegel MR, Schardl CL (1992) Transformation of Acremonium coenophialum, a protective mycosymbiont of the grass Festuca arundinacea. Current Genetics 22: 399-406 (see Abstract)